Main Characteristics of Microorganisms
- Small size/variety/rapid reproduction
- Strong adaptability to the environment
There are 2.5 billion bacteria, 700,000 actinomycetes, 400,000 fungi, 50,000 algae, 30,000 protozoa.
Classification of Microorganism Fertilizer
According to functional characteristics, Microbial fertilizer products can be divided into:
- Rhizobia bacteria agents
- Nitrogen-fixing bacteria agents
- Dissolving phosphorous bacteria agents
- Silicate microbial bacteria agents
- Photosynthetic bacteria agents
- Organic matter-decomposing inoculant
- Promoting bacteria agent
- Bioremediation bacteria agent
Why Choose Microbial Fertilizers
Microorganism fertilizer includes the fixation of molecular nitrogen in the air, the conversion of nitrogen into autonomous or symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria of plant-usable nitrogen, and the conversion of phosphorus and potassium, which cannot be used by mineral plants, into available phosphorus and potassium, Phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacteria; and secrete a variety of stimulants and antibiotics for the growth of beneficial crops.
Microbial Fertilizer Applications in Agriculture
In the field of agriculture, the study of microbial fertilizer is in the research stage of monomer micro-organisms. And the research results at this stage have been well applied in the agricultural field.
Microbial fertilizers have a different mechanism of action than chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers, and they have unique effects in some respects, so they have received attention from many countries. At least 70 countries are currently researching, producing, and applying microbial fertilizers.
Popular Microbial Fertilizer in Market
1. Bacillus subtilis: It can produce substances similar to cytokinin or hormones to promote plant growth. It not only acts as a microbial diseases-control but also be used as a microbial fertilizer, induces plant stress resistance, and improves soil condition. Many fertilizer manufacturers like to mix Bacillus subtilis with mycorrhiza, trichoderma, etc. to achieve a better effect.
2. Trichoderma harzianum: It’s a most popular biological fungicide for eliminating damaging fungal pathogens, such as Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, Pythium, Fusarium, etc. Improve soil condition, Increase plant resistance ability, and improve crop yields and quality.
3. Mycorrhizae: It plays an essential role in plant growth. They help build soil aggregate structure to provide plant roots with a better & healthy environment for healthy and strong growth. Their symbiotic relationship with plants helps them access extra water and nutrients sources in soil.
4. Bacillus licheniformis: Resistant to diseases and kill harmful bacteria.
5. Trichoderma viride: This is one of the strains with the highest cellulase activity. It has an excellent effect on the degradation of crops. It has the dual impact of protection and treatment, and can effectively prevent and control soil-borne diseases.
6. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: Secrete antibacterial substances, produce antagonism, nutrition, and space competition, induce host resistance, and promote plant growth.
7. Bacillus megaterium: Phosphorus solution (phosphorus bacteria), has a good effect on the degradation of organic phosphorus in the soil.
8. Bacillus mucilaginosus: Dissolve Potassium solution, the release of soluble phosphorus potassium and calcium, sulfur, magnesium, iron, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, and other trace elements.
9. Bacillus lateralis: Promote root, sterilize, and degrade heavy metals.
10. Azotobacter chroococcum: Nitrogen fixation, increase crop yield.
11. Photosynthetic bacteria group: Synthesis of sugars, amino acids, vitamins, nitrogen compounds, antiviral substances, and physiological active substances, is fertile soil and promote the growth of plants and animals.
12. Lactobacillus series: Sterilization, promote the decomposition of organic matter, inhibit the proliferation of pathogens caused by continuous cropping obstacles.
13. Yeast group series: Promotes root growth and provides a vital substrate (food) for the proliferation of other effective microorganisms.
14. Bacillus coagulant: Reduce the ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and other harmful gases in the environment. Increase the content of amino acids in fruit.
15. Aspergillus oryzae: Improve soil structure, deodorize, eliminate pests and diseases, weed seeds, improve nutrient.
16. Aspergillus Niger: pyrolysis of macromolecules of organic matter and insoluble inorganic matter, easy for crops to absorb and use, improve soil structure, enhance soil fertility, increase crop yield.
17. Actinomycetes: Antagonistic pathogenic bacteria against the role of disease, the secretion of cytokinins to promote the growth of crops.
18. Paecilomyces lilacinus: It has good control effect on many kinds of nematodes.
19. Beauveria bassiana: Kills pests in natural conditions by contact with body walls
20. Metarhizium metarhizium: A kind of insecticidal fungus that can parasitize a variety of insect pests. It enters the insect body through body surface invasion. It keeps increasing and multiplying in the insect body by consuming nutrients, mechanical penetration, producing toxins, and continuously spreading in the insect population to cause death to the insect.
Microbial Fertilizer Precautions for Use
1. Temperature. In general, biological bacteria in bacterial fertilizers are most active when the soil is between 18℃ and 25℃, and their life activities begin to decrease when the soil is below 15℃, and their activity ability is very weak when the soil is below 10℃, even in a dormant state. Therefore, the use of microbial fertilizer should pay attention to the soil temperature and adjust the soil moisture.
2, Pay attention to the fertilization period. After microbial fertilizer is applied to the soil, biological bacteria need a process of adaptation, growth, feeding, and reproduction. If applied, apply before the critical nutrient period of the crop. Apply in the early morning and evening or rainy days to prevent the sun’s ultraviolet rays from killing microorganisms. Avoid using under high temperatures and drought conditions.
3, Microbial agents will have a good effect on the application of sufficient organic fertilizer. If there is an adequate supply of organic matter in the soil, biological bacteria will multiply and inhibit harmful bacteria. On the contrary, biological bacteria will die because of the lack of food. Therefore, before the planting of crops must be applied to organic fertilizer.